Scenario: Mark is 48 and works long shifts as a delivery driver. He says he tries to ignore pain and “just get on with it” because taking time off feels weak and risks losing income. He rarely visits the doctor, has skipped follow-up appointments, and says he would only seek help if something became serious. His work is physically demanding, he often eats quickly on the move, and he feels stressed about money.

His partner Leanne is 46 and works part time in a supermarket while also doing most of the childcare for their youngest son and regular care for her mother. She visits the GP more often, books health screenings when invited, and is more likely to talk about stress or tiredness. However, she often feels exhausted, worries about bills, and says there is never enough money or time to look after herself properly.

A local health worker says that gender differences in health are not just about biology. She argues they are shaped by gender socialisation, different labour patterns, poverty, stress, and different relationships to doctors and screening services.